Today’s chickens are descendants of jungle fowl. In the past, mature hens laid only about 12 eggs per year during the breeding season. However, genetic advancements and scientific feeding methods have led to the development of layer hens that can now produce up to 330 eggs per year.
For optimal growth and egg production, a balanced diet is essential. Nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, and vitamins support the development of bones, flesh, feathers, and eggs. During the chick stage, there is a higher nutritional demand to match rapid growth and feather development. Proper feeding management ensures hens reach sexual maturity at the right age while avoiding obesity.
From week 18, layers begin their egg-laying phase, reaching peak production around 28 weeks and typically maintaining egg production until 72 weeks. During this period, their diet must be carefully optimized to enhance egg numbers, size, and shell strength while maintaining overall health and body weight.